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Using a VPN is a great way to shield your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your regional files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a rear door to get past the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI had to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or similar hack exists, it becomes a target, a decoration for the bad guys. It'll flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, in the event that you wanted to keep a document secret you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel with these options.
One sort of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. The other creates a virtual disk that, when open, acts like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, each of the files you put into it's entirely inaccessible. .
Like the digital drive solution, some goods save your encrypted data in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a much bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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That is better It really depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial offered by each of those products to get a sense of the different options.
Once you copy a document into secure storage, or create an encrypted version of it, you definitely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you skip the Recycle Bin, since the information still exists on disk, and data recovery utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products prevent this issue by encrypting the document in location, literally overwriting it on disc with an encrypted version. It's more common, though, to offer safe deletion as an option. If you select something that lacks this feature, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic recovery works because the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known information and reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other document into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back through the box, with the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one the products gathered here service AES. Even those that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption expert, you may prefer another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the average consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, register it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. The other is private, and should be closely guarded. If I want to send you a key document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can make a digital signature that proves your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it's all of the proof you need. PKI support is less common than support for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to talk about a document with someone and your encryption application doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products enable Click This Link creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.